Ans: Web, Java (Core and Advanced), .Net, WPF, SAP, Oracle, Siebel, PeopleSoft, Delphi, Power Builder, Stingray 1, Terminal Emulator, Flex, Web Services, Windows Mobile, VisualAge Smalltalk, Silverlight and mainframe terminal emulator.
Ans: QTP Supports 2 types of Object Repository
Per-Action Object Repository is used by default. The extension for Per-Action repository is ".mtr" .
Shared Object Repository is preferable while dealing with dynamic objects which are called in multiple tests. The extension is ".tsr"
Ans: Yes. You can call 4 or even more scripts in your tests.For this, first you will need to make the Actions in the corresponding scripts re-usable.Then from the destination script you can make calls to these re-usable actions.
Ans: Action split is to divide an existing action into two parts.The purpose is to divide actions based on their functionality to improve code re-use.
Ans: Foremost you will select Java Add - In and launch QTP. Next step record operations on the Java Tree. If you face an issue while recording, you can select Tools > Object Identification > Java, tree object and make changes in mandatory and assistive properties to enable identification.
Tip: You can base you answer on similar lines for any other object of any environment. For example : If the question is how will check SAP checkbox , You say , first I will select SAP Add in ... and so on.
Ans: QTP identifies any GUI Object based on its corresponding properties. While recording, QTP will identify and store peculiar properties (as defined in the Object Identification settings) in the object repository of the GUI object . At run-time, QTP will compare the stored property values with the on-screen properties, to uniquely identify the GUI object.
Ans: QTP supports 3 types of recording modes:
Normal Mode: It is the default recording mode and takes full advantage of QTP's Test Object Model. It recognizes objects regardless of their position on -screen. This is the preferred mode of recoding and is used for most of the automation activities.
Low-level recording mode: This mode records the exact x,y co-ordinates of your mouse operations. It is helpful in testing hashmaps. It is useful for recording objects not identified by normal mode of QTP.
Analog mode: This mode records exact mouse and keyboard "movements" you perform in relation to the screen / application window. This mode is useful for the operation such as drawing a picture, recording signature., drag and drop operations.
Ans: We can call an action in 2 ways:
Ans: Your application may contain objects that behave like standard objects but are not recognized by QTP. You can define these objects as virtual objects and map them to standard classes, such as a button or a check box. QTP emulates the user's action on the virtual object during the run session. In the test results, the virtual object is displayed as though it is a standard class object.
For example, suppose you want to record a test on a Web page containing a bitmap that the user clicks. The bitmap contains several different hyperlink areas, and each area opens a different destination page. When you record a test, the Web site matches the coordinates of the click on the bitmap and opens the destination page.
To enable QTP to click at the required coordinates during a run session, you can define a virtual object for an area of the bitmap, which includes those coordinates, and map it to the button class. When you run a test, QTP clicks the bitmap in the area defined as a virtual object so that the Web site opens the correct destination page.
Ans: You will need to create separate Actions which take care of different OS and Browsers
Cross Platform Testing:
Using the Built in Environment Variable you can dig up the OS information.
Eg. Platform = Environment("OS"). Then based on the Platform you need to call the actions which you recorded on that particular platform.
Cross Browser Testing:
Using this code Eg. Browser("Core Values").GetROProperty("version") you can extract the Browser and its correspondin version. Ex: Internet Explorer 6 or Netscape 5. Based on this value you call the actions which are relevant to that browser.
Ans: Logical name is a name given by QTP while creating an object in the repository to uniquely identify it from other objects in the application. This name would be used by the QTP to map the object name in script with its corresponding description in the object repository. Ex: Browser("Browser").Page("Guru99") Here Guru99 is the logical name of the object.
Ans: Typically ,an object and its properties must be recorded in the Object Repository to enable QTP to perform action s on it.
Using descriptive programming , you do not store the object and its property values in the Object repository but mention the property value pair directly in the script.
The idea behind descriptive programming is not bypass the object repository but help recogonize dynamic objects.
Ans: You can use the name property.
ex: Browser("name:="xxx"").page("name:="xxxx"").....
OR
We can also use the property "micClass".
ex: Browser("micClass:=browser").page("micClass:=page")....
Ans: Yes .you can record remote application provided you are accessing application through the local browser not via remoter like citrix.
If you are still unable to record it is advisable install QTP and application, on the same machine
Ans: Creates and returns a reference to an Automation object
SYNTAX: CreateObject(servername.typename [, location])
Arguments
servername: Required. The name of the application providing the object.
typename : Required. The type or class of the object to create.
location : Optional. The name of the network server where the object is to be created.
Example : Set IE = CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")
Ans: Yes .We can switch. Go to Test--->Settings--->Resources. Here you have an option to choose repositories.
Ans: Object Spy helps in determining the run & test time object properties & methods of the application under test.
You can access object spy directly from the toolbar or from the Object Repository Dialog Box.
It is very useful during Descriptive Programming
Learn more about Object Spy
Ans: Consider the following:
Hence mandatory and assistive properties are used.
Ans: Code file extension is script.mts
Ans: QTP Automation Object model deals with Automation of QTP itself. Almost all configuration and functionality provided by QTP is represented by QTP's Automation Object Model . Almost all dialog boxes in QTP have a corresponding automation object which can set or retrieved using the corresponding properties or methods in the Automation Object Model.QTP Automation Objects can be used along with standard VB programming elements like iterative loops or conditional statements to help you design a script of choice.
Ans: Text Output values enable you to capture text appearing on the application under test during run-time.
If parameterized, text output values will capture values appearing in each iteration which would be stored in the run-time data table for further analysis.
Q22. What is Step Generator?
Ans: Step Generator enables use to Add Test Steps in your script. Using step generator you can add steps to your script without actually recording it.
Q23. How to make QTP understand the difference amongst the same type of objects .Suppose there are 5 check boxes in a page and I have to choose the 2nd one, how to do that through script?
Ans: You can use ordinal identifiers like index along with a little descriptive programming for object recognition.
Watch a video of this example.
Ans: Test Fusion Report , displays all aspects of a test run and is organized in a Tree format.
It gives details of each step executed for all iterations.
It also gives Run-time data table, Screen shots and movie of the test run if opted.
Ans: In QTP Exceptional handling is done by using:
In Recovery scenario you have to define.
At Script Level you can use the On Error Resume Next and On Error Go to 0 statement.
Ans: Environment variables in QTP are of three types:
You Set the Environment Variable using the following syntax:
Environment.Value( "name") = "Guru99"
You can Retrieve the Environment Variable using following syntax
Environment.Value("name") -- This will retrun name as Guru99
Environment.Value("OS")-- This will return your system OS
Ans: Bitmap checkpoint does a pixel to pixel comparison of an image or part of an image.
Image checkpoint does do a pixel to pixel comparison but instead compare image properties like alt text , destination url etc.
Ans: Actions have their own Object Repository & Data Table. Actions help make your Test modular and increase reuse. Example: You can divide your script into Actions based on functionality like Login, Logout etc.
Functions is a VB Script programming concept and do not have their own Object Repository or Data Table. Functions help in re-use of your code. Ex: You can create a Function in your script to concatenate two strings.
Ans: Keyword View is an icon based view which shows test steps in tabular format. It also automatically generates documentation for the test steps.
Expert View gives the corresponding VB Script statement for every test step in the Keyword view.
Ans: Quick Test testing process consists of 7 main phases:
Ans: The types of Automation Frameworks are:
Learn more about Test Automation Frameworks.
Ans: You can use the Page Checkpoint which gives a count of valid/invalid links on a page.
Ans: Data like parameterized output , checkpoint values , output values are stored in the Run-time Table. It is an xls file which is stored in the Test Results Folder. It can also be accessed in the Test Fusion Report.
Ans: Check point is a verification point that compares a current value for a specified property with the expected value for that property. Based on this comparison, it will generate a PASS or FAIL status.
An output value is a value captured during the test run and can be stored in a specified location like the Datable or even a variable. Unlike Checkpoints, no PASS/FAIL status is generated.
Ans: To connect to the database you must know:
Ans: You can use the Batch testing tool to run multiple scripts. Once the scripts are added in the tool, it will automatically open the scripts and start executing them one after the other.
Ans: As of QTP version 10:
Ans: A step when declared optional is not mandatory to be executed. If the corresponding GUI object is present, QTP performs the operation on it. If the GUI object is not present, QTP bypasses the optional step and proceeds to execute the next step.
Ans: Reporter.Reportvent is standard method provided by QTP to send custom messages to the test results window.
Syntax:
Reporter.ReportEvent EventStatus, ReportStepName, Details [, ImageFilePath]
where
EventStatus = 0 or micPass
1 or micFail
2 or micDone
3 or micWarning
Results can assume any status like Pass , Fail , Warning etc. You can also send screenshot to the test results window.
Ans: You declare using a DIM keyword. You assign value to the variable using the SET keyword.
Ex.
Dim temp 'Will declare the temp variable
Set temp = 20 ' Will assign a value 20 to temp.
Ans: GetRoProperty is a standard method provided by QTP to fetch property values of a run -time object.
Ans: Typically, if even one of the on-screen object property does not match the recorded object property. The test fails.
In smart identification, QTP does not give an error if the property values do not match, but uses Base filter and Optional Filter properties to uniquely identify an object. In Smart identification, if a property value does not match the script does not fail but it proceeds ahead to compare the next property. Smart identification can be enabled in Object Identification Dialog box.
Ans: We can make use of the "Generate Script" function available in Object Identification, Test Settings and Tools/Options tab to create a zip of the script at the source computer. These zip files then can be imported into QTP at the destination computer.
Ans: No. You can work with only single instance of QTP on the same machine. But QTP itself can work on multiple instances of the Application Under Test (AUT). Ex: QTP can handle multiple IE browser windows.
Ans: DataTable.ImportSheet "..\..\TestData\Input.xls",1,dtGlobalSheet
DataTable.ExportSheet "..\..\Results\Output.xls","Global"
Ans: SetToProperty changes property of an object stored in the Object Repository. However these changes are not permanent.
Ans: The standard delay is 60 seconds. This is can be changed in Test Settigns.
Ans: It is an in-built tool provided by QTP to convert Actions into Business Process Components.
Ans: The extension is '.QFL'
Ans: The test will iterate only once - global iteration.
Ans: The example demonstrated here explains how to read registry key in UFT
‘Create a shell object
Set MyShell= CreateObject (“WScript.Shell”)
Read the value of key from the registry
RegValue =MyShell.RegRead (varpathofkey)
‘in above function we have to pass the path of key in registery’.
e.g. HKCU\software\ie\settings
msgbox RegValue
Ans: There are three ways to get system environment variables in UFT
Set myShell = CreateObject (“WScript.Shell”)
WScript.Echo myShell.ExpandEnvironmentStrings( "%PATHEXT%" )
myShell=Nothing,
The output will be .BAT;.CMD;.VBS;. VBE;. JS;. JSE
Other user variable, like TEMP, overwrite their system counterpart
Set myShell = CreateObject( "WScript.Shell" )
WScript.Echo myShell.ExpandEnvironmentStrings( "TEMP=%TEMP%" )
myShell=Nothing
The output will be TEMP:C:\DOCUME~1\You\LOCALS~1\Temp
Ans: To send mail from outlook in UFT,
Set Outlook = CreateObject ("Outlook.Application")
Dim Message 'As Outlook.MailItem
Set Message = Outlook.CreateItem(olMailItem)
With Message
.Subject = Subject
.HTMLBody = TextBody
.Recipients.Add (aTo)
Const olOriginator = 0
.Send
End With
Ans: To fetch data from database in UFT, you have to follow the code below:
Set db= createobject (“ADODB.Connection”)
db.Open “Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=G:\guru99\vb6\admission_project.mdb;
Persist Security Info= False”
Set rst=createobject(“ADODB.Recordset”)
rst.Open “select*from Course”, db, 3
id=rst. RecordCount
For i=0 to id-1
Print rst.field (0) & rst.fields (1) & rst.fields (2) & rst.fields (3)
rst.Movenext
Next
Ans: To get ftp files from ftp server, you have to use below code:
MyShell.Run "%comspec% /c FTP -n -s:" & commandstoworkwithftp & " " & Site, 0,True
Ans: To prevent system getting locked, any of the two ways can be used:
Ans: Descriptive programming includes property name and property value. Whenever UFT is facing difficulty in identifying objects from object repository, and instead the object is directly identified from the script is known as descriptive programming.
Ans:
Ans: To write data to text file in UFT code is:
Content = “Guru99 Rocks”
Set Fo = createobject ("Scripting.FilesystemObject")
Set f = Fo.openTextFile ("c:\myFile.txt",8,true) ' open in write mode
f.Write (contents)
f.Close
Set f = nothing
Ans: filepath = “C:\Bugs\Reports.xlsx” Set objExcel = CreateObject(“Excel.Application”) objExcel.Visible= True Set Wb= objExcel.Workbooks.Open (filepath) Wb.worksheets(1).Cells(1,1).Value = “guru99” read value from Excel file.
Ans: TSR means Test Shared Repository, it is created to share object repository.
To create TSR file, follow the steps:
After that, UFT will ask you to store .tsr file. Give the path and save. This will create .tsr file in UFT
Ans: To connect with QC, UFT provides the option to connect QC directly from UFT GUI.
Following above steps will allow you to connect with QC, later on you can execute the tests from QC itself.
Ans: In order to ease the process of test automation using UFT, test automation is designed. There are mainly three types of automation frameworks in UFT.
Ans: Either through object repository or description programming, UFT identifies objects. Descriptive programming is used in following scenarios"
Ans: Settoproperty stands for set test object property. You can use this property to change the object values at runtime. You can edit the property values during the runtime, but the changes that are made are temporary.
Ans: We can create an array of dictionary using syntax
Dim ArrayofDictionary(2)
First element of array
Set ArrayofDictionary(0)= createobject("scripting.dictionary")
ArrayofDictionary(0).Add "key1", "temp1"
ArrayofDictionary(0).Add "key2", "temp2"
Added keys in first dictionary
Second element of array as dictionary
Set ArrayofDictionary(1)= createobject("scripting.dictionary")
ArrayofDictionary(1).Add "key1", "temp1"
ArrayofDictionary(1).Add "key2", "temp2"
Added keys in second dictionary…..and so on