SAP Functional Testing Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is SAP testing?

Ans: SAP testing helps to detect and rectify errors at all project phases. So it gives the high confidence that the SAP application supports business process as per organisation requirements from the day of go-live phase.

Q2. What are SAP Testing Services

Ans: To mitigate business risk and to ensure expected results in the complex SAP environment during the entire SAP solution lifecycle it is imperative to conduct sufficient quality testing. TSAP testing services uses eCATT as the functional test tool in SAP applications. Some of the testing services offered are:

• Application testing
• Performance testing
• Regression testing
• Testing strategy and management

Q3. What are the types of tests are used to test the SAP R/3?

Ans: The important types of SAP test are

• Unit testing
• Development testing
• Integration testing
• Performance testing
• User acceptance testing
• Regression testing

Q4. What is unit testing in SAP?

Ans: Unit testing is done at the transaction level that related to configuration. For example customer master data, vendor data, purchase orders creation and so on. It focus on master record, transactions, roles and profiles.

Q5. For what purpose development testing is used?

Ans: It is use to test various Reports, workflows, forms and so on. Development team is responsible for executing the development test.

Q6. What is Performance testing?

Ans: It is used to test for determining the time taken to perform the actions. It helps to determine the system to meet and fulfill the service level agreement.

Q7. What is Integration testing?

Ans: After all sap modules are implemented, Integration testing is used to test whether all the posting are working properly that cuts across SAP modules, for e.g order to cash, procure to pay (p2p) and so on.

Q8. Tell me about user acceptance testing?

Ans: User acceptance testing is done at end user level those who are executing applications. They run and test the scenarios if any defects are found, the configuration team members resolve these defects during this test.

Q9. What is regression testing and give one example?

Ans: This is used to test previous working system is not affected by the introduction of new system changes. For example organization bought new company and we have to create one or more company code, after configuration we have tested and it working perfectly. So old configuration does not effect any errors due to new configuration.

Q10. What is manual testing?

Ans: Manual testing is done manually to identify the bugs and errors. It is used to test for data issues, for e.g if the master data has errors, with manual testing tester can rectify the master data errors.

Q11. What is Automated testing?

Ans: Automated testing is used to perform tests based on regular interval of times, with the help of scripts you can specify what needs to tested.

Q12. Explain difference b/w control and control object?

Ans: Control is a object for which we want to do testing, where the control object is purpose of control and assigned at sub process level.

Q13. What is test case?

Ans: Test case is a template that every organization maintains and used to test implemented data during project execution according to the scenarios that test cases are created.

Q14. What are the testing tools can be used to test web shop performance?

Ans: We can use testing tools like load runner and mercury.

Q15. What is SAP?

Ans: SAP is a ERP business software package that designed to integrate all areas of business and it provide solutions for all operations. Read more for about SAP

Q16. Specify types of testing?

Ans: There are different types of testing such as black box testing, white box testing, security testing, recover test and so on.

Q17. What is Defect prevention?

Ans: It is technique used to find and rectify errors before they effect the development phase.

Q18. What is GUI Testing of SAP Applications

Ans: Test the functionality of your SAP R/3 applications. In minutes you’ll understand the power behind Rational Robot’s Object Testing as you quickly record tests that verify:
Properties of SAP screen controls.
Values in application fields.
Integrity of your business process flow.
Robot lets you record functional tests against your SAP R/3 application, regardless of R/3 hardware platform or database server

Q19. What is Load Testing SAP Applications?

Ans: In executing your business transactions on the Web interface, through integration with the powerful SAP engine, the SAP WAS system creates a highly complex dialog between the client machine and the server.
This complexity is not visible to the user or those in charge of deployment, but it is an important factor when it comes to middleware.
Your load testing tool’s ability to take into account the specific nature of this rich and complex dialog is an essential pre-requisite for performance testing SAP applications. The tool must be capable of automatically and natively handling SAP Web Application Server (WAS) in order to efficiently build scripts that cover all your test cases.
Without fully compliant SAP WAS support, you cannot carry out the full range of tests and run the risk of deploying an application whose behavior under load has not been validated properly – with possibly damaging consequences. These could include slow-downs for users, or even blocked access for some users in high load periods, putting in jeopardy not only the success of the project, but also the company’s entire economic foundations, due to the critical importance of its business services.

Q20. What is Testing Orienting Applications?

Ans: Software Testing is more Oriented to Detecting the defects or often equated to finding bugs. Testing is a process of executing a software system to determine whether it matches its specification and executes in its intended environment under controlled conditions. The controlled conditions should include both normal and abnormal conditions. Testing should intentionally attempt to make things go wrong to determine if things happen when they shouldn’t or things don’t happen when they should.21.What is SAP QA ?

Sap QA: – SAP Application QA involves the entire software development PROCESS – monitoring and improving the process, making sure that any agreed-upon standards and procedures are followed, and ensuring that problems are found and dealt with. It is oriented to ‘prevention’.

Q22. What is SAP implementation lifecycle?

Ans: SAP implementation lifecycle
In the lifecycle of a SAP solution, it is necessary to test the functions and performance of the solution developed by programmers. Work environment with SAP testing, SAP provides an environment for all phases of testing, you can use to test in the following cases:

The implementation of SAP solutions:

• Integration of new components and business scenarios.
• Client Development.
• The function tests for all the functions.
• Integration testing with other components in the integrated environment.
• Updates/changes regression testing.
• Import support programs.

Integration Features and Test Preparation:

• Creation of manual test cases and automated.
• Management manual and automated test cases .
• Creation of test plans.
• Define and manage a series of tests.

Test execution Phase:

• Test communication with the test tool extended desktop and Computer Aided Test Tool.
• Integration test cases and test scripts from non-SAP providers.
• Assign work lists (probes) for individual testers.

Test Evaluation Phase:

• continuous improvement vision test and test results.
• Complete documentation of the testing process into test plans (test cases,descriptions of test cases, test results, notes of test cases, error messages).
• A detailed evaluation of all test plans in tables and graphs.
• Export test results of the Office applications.
• message processing.

Generally testing has two ways, one being, system integration testing, this will be performed by the SAP development team of the product owner, and the second being, the user acceptance testing (UAT) is performed on client’s team in the client’s location. UAT usually performed by the end user to test the solution is working fine.

Q23. What is AWB?. What is its purpose?

Ans: AWB stands for Administrator WorkBench. AWB is a tool for controlling, monitoring and maintaining all the processes connected with data staging and processing in the business information whearhousing.

Q24. What is the significance of ODS in BIW?

Ans: An ODS Object serves to store consolidated and debugged transaction data on a document level (atomic level). It describes a consolidated dataset from one or more InfoSources. This dataset can be analyzed with a BEx Query or InfoSet Query. The data of an ODS Object can be updated with a delta update into InfoCubes and/or other ODS Objects in the same system or across systems. In contrast to multi-dimensional data storage with InfoCubes, the data in ODS Objects is stored in transparent, flat database tables.

Q25. What are the different types of source system?

Ans: SAP R/3 Source Systems, SAP BW, Flat Files and External Systems.

Q26. Mention what are the types of testing is done for SAP?

Ans: Types of SAP testing are,

• Unit testing
• Functional and Regression testing
• UAT testing
• Integration testing and so on.

Q27. How to create an effective SAP test case?

Ans:

An effective SAP test case can be created by following these steps:

• Understand the business process or functionality being tested.
• Identify the test objective and scope.
• Define test conditions and data required.
• Determine the expected results.
• Design test cases that cover different scenarios, including positive and negative cases.
• Include preconditions and post-conditions.
• Ensure test cases are clear, concise, and easily understandable.
• Review and validate the test cases with stakeholders.

Q28. Mention tools useful for SAP testing.

Ans: Some popular tools useful for SAP testing are:

• SAP Solution Manager
• HP Quality Center/ALM (Application Lifecycle Management)
• Worksoft Certify
• Tricentis Tosca
• Selenium
• JUnit
• IBM Rational Functional Tester

Q29.Why choosing the right strategy is more important than choosing a tool for SAP testing?

Ans: Choosing the right strategy is more important than choosing a tool for SAP testing because the strategy defines the overall approach, scope, and objectives of testing. It involves considerations such as test planning, test environment setup, resource allocation, risk assessment, and test execution. A well-defined strategy ensures that testing activities align with business goals, maximizes test coverage, and identifies critical issues early in the project lifecycle. While tools facilitate the execution of test cases, they are only effective when used within a well-planned testing strategy.

Q30. What are the benefits for SAP applications?

Ans: SAP applications offer several benefits, including:

• IStreamlined business processes: SAP applications automate and integrate various business functions, improving efficiency and productivity.
• Real-time data access: Users can access up-to-date information, enabling better decision-making.
• Improved reporting and analytics: SAP applications provide comprehensive reporting and analytics capabilities, allowing organizations to gain insights into their operations.
• Enhanced collaboration: SAP applications facilitate collaboration across different departments and business units.
• Scalability: SAP applications can scale to meet the growing needs of businesses.
  Compliance and security: SAP applications offer robust security measures and help organizations adhere to regulatory requirements.

Q31. What are the challenges faced during SAP testing?

Ans: Some challenges faced during SAP testing include:

• Complex configurations: SAP systems have complex configurations that require thorough testing to ensure proper functionality.
• Data management: SAP applications rely on vast amounts of data, which can be challenging to handle during testing.
• Integration testing: Testing the integration between SAP and other systems can be complex and time-consuming.
• Test environment setup: Setting up and maintaining test environments that closely resemble production environments can be challenging.
• Regression testing: With frequent updates and changes in SAP systems, regression testing becomes crucial but challenging to manage.
• Testing user interfaces: SAP systems often have multiple user interfaces, including web-based and SAP GUI, which require comprehensive testing.

Q32. What are the points to be considered while performing SAP interface testing?

Ans: When performing SAP interface testing, consider the following points:

• Validate data exchange: Ensure data is correctly transferred between SAP and other systems.
• Test data transformation: Verify that data is transformed and mapped correctly during integration.
• Handle exceptions: Test error handling and exception scenarios during data transfer.
• Check data consistency: Verify the consistency and integrity of data across different systems.
• Performance testing: Assess the performance impact of data exchange and identify potential bottlenecks.
• Security testing: Validate the security measures in place for data exchange and protection.

Q33. What are the types of work processes in SAP?

Ans: In SAP, there are three types of work processes:

• Dialog work process: Handles user interactions and processes user requests in an online environment.
• Background work process: Executes predefined tasks in the background without user interaction.
• Update work process: Handles update requests, ensuring consistency and integrity of data during data modifications.

Q34. What is the difference between kernels, support packages, and SAP Note?

Ans: The difference between kernels, support packages & SAP Note is,

• Kernel: The SAP kernel is the core executable program of the SAP system. It provides the runtime environment and essential services for SAP applications.
• Support packages: Support packages contain bug fixes, enhancements, and legal changes provided by SAP. They are released periodically and help keep the SAP system up to date.
• SAP Note: SAP Note is a specific document provided by SAP that contains information, solutions, or recommendations for specific issues or improvements related to SAP software. SAP Notes are used to address specific problems or provide instructions for system configuration.

Q35. What is ECATT?

Ans: ECATT (Extended Computer Aided Test Tool) is a tool provided by SAP for test automation. It allows users to create, execute, and manage automated test cases for SAP applications. ECATT helps in reducing manual effort and streamlining the testing process by automating repetitive tasks.

Q36. What are the useful features of ECATT?

Ans: Some useful features of ECATT include:

• Test script creation using a recording or manual input.
• Data-driven testing by parameterizing test data.
• Error handling and exception management.
• Test data container for managing test data sets.
• Integration with test management tools and execution frameworks.
• Reusability of test components.
• Batch processing of test scripts.
• Centralized test script maintenance.

Q37.What is the difference between developer trace, system trace, and system log?

Ans: 

• Developer trace: Developer trace is a log file generated by SAP systems during program execution. It contains detailed technical information, including debugging data, error messages, and performance-related information. It helps developers in diagnosing and resolving issues.
• System trace: System trace is a log file that captures system-level activities and events in the SAP system. It provides information about system processes, resource utilization, and performance-related metrics. System traces are useful for system administrators and performance analysts.
• System log: The system log, also known as the "SM21 log," records system-level messages and alerts. It contains information about critical events, errors, and warnings in the SAP system. System logs are used for monitoring system health and diagnosing issues.

Q38. What is Screen flow logic in SAP testing?

Ans: Screen flow logic refers to the sequence of screens and user interactions within an SAP application. In SAP testing, screen flow logic is tested to ensure that the application guides users through the correct sequence of screens, performs necessary validations, and handles user inputs correctly. It involves verifying the navigation, data entry, and processing logic within screens and across different transactions or modules.

Q39.What is the use of Process Flow Analyzer in SAP TAO?

Ans: The Process Flow Analyzer is a component of SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization (TAO). It is used to analyze and document business processes in SAP systems. The Process Flow Analyzer automatically generates process flow diagrams based on recorded user interactions, allowing testers to understand and analyze the end-to-end business processes. It helps in identifying critical paths, dependencies, and potential areas for test automation.

Q40.What is SAP Cutover Testing?

Ans: SAP Cutover Testing is a critical phase in an SAP implementation or system upgrade project. It involves testing the transition of data, processes, and systems from the old environment to the new SAP environment. The goal is to ensure a smooth and successful transition with minimal disruption to business operations. Cutover Testing includes validating data migration, system interfaces, batch jobs, master data consistency, and end-to-end business processes.

Q41.What should be the approach for writing a BDC program?

Ans: When writing a BDC (Batch Data Communication) program in SAP, follow these steps:

• Identify the transaction to be automated using BDC.
• Analyze the screens and fields involved in the transaction.
• Prepare the input data to be processed by the BDC program.
• Design the BDC program using appropriate BDC methods (e.g., CALL TRANSACTION, SESSION METHOD).
• Implement error handling and exception management.
• Test the BDC program with different scenarios and validate the results.
• Ensure proper documentation and version control of the BDC program.
• Follow best practices and SAP guidelines for BDC programming.
• Collaborate with functional and technical teams to address any issues or enhancements related to the BDC program.

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